Тема 1. Энергия. Виды энергии. Закон сохранения энергии
1.1. Найдите и запишите перевод терминов:
Ответы:
| 1. ability | c) способность |
| 2. heat energy | d) тепловая энергия |
| 3. a velocity of light | f) скорость света |
| 4. a equation | a) формула, выражение |
| 5. infrared radiation | g) инфракрасное излучение |
| 6. wave motion | i) движение волн |
| 7. enormous amounts | e) огромное количество |
| 8. nuclear fission | b) ядерный распад |
| 9. moving object | h) движущийся объект |
| 10. emission | k) испускание, эмиссия |
| 11. the absence of matter | z) отсутствие вещества |
| 12. translation energy | l) поступательная энергия |
1. 2. А. Переведите существительные, образованные от глаголов
Ответы выделены полужирным курсивом:
1. to move (двигать) — motion (движение)
2. to accelerate (ускорять) — acceleration (ускорение)
3. to radiate (излучать) — radiation (излучение)
4. to conduct (проводить) — conduction (проведение)
5. to press (давить) — pressure (давление)
6. to react (реагировать) — reaction (реакция)
7. to conserve (сохранять) — conservation (сохранение)
8. to revolve (вращать) — revolution (вращение)
В. Переведите исходный глагол, зная перевод существительного, образованного от глагола.
1. to define (определять) — definition (определение)
2. to classify (классифицировать) — classification (классификация)
3. to conduct (проводить) — conduction (проведение)
4. to generate (вырабатывать) — generation (выработка)
5. to combust (воспламенять) — combustion (воспламенение)
6. to convert (преобразовывать) — conversion (преобразование)
7. to produce (производить) — production (производство)
8. to fuse (синтезировать) — fusion (синтез, соединение)
1.3. Выберите правильный вариант перевода:
Ответы выделены полужирным курсивом:
| 1. radiant energy | В) энергия излучения |
| 2. elastic potential energy | В) энергия упругости |
| 3. visible light | А) видимый свет |
| 4. the absence of matter | В) (зд.) Отсутствие материи/вещества |
| 5. the molecules of a substance | А) молекулы вещества |
1.4. Найдите существительное в каждой группе слов. Переведите.
Ответы выделен полужирным курсивом.
a) electric, kinetic, to consist of, to accelerate, motion;
b) chemical, normal, electrical, thermal, energy;
c) to classify, to modify, to destroy, velocity, to multiply;
d) longitudinal, mathematical, gravitational, to multiply, equation;
e) to produce, to emit, emission, to change, enormous;
f) to convert, convertible, interconvertible, rotational, pressure;
g) totally, periodically, usually, to conduct, conservation.
1.5. Прочитайте и переведите текст
Text: “Energy”.
Energy can be defined as the ability to do work. Physicists classify energy into several types: kinetic, potential, heat, sound, radiant energy (light, for example), and electrical, chemical, and nuclear energy.
Kinetic energy is possessed by a moving object by virtue of its motion. It equals the work done to accelerate the object to a particular velocity; it also equals the work done to bring a moving object to rest..
An object has potential energy by virtue of its position. Two common types are gravitational and elastic potential energy.
An object possesses (обладает) heat, or thermal, energy by virtue of its temperature. It is, in fact, merely a form of kinetic energy, because the temperature of a substance depends on the motion of its component atoms or molecules; the higher its temperature, the faster the molecules move.
Radiant energy consists of electromagnetic radiation and includes radio waves, visible light, ultraviolet and infrared radiation, and X rays. The only form of energy that can exist in the absence of matter, it consists of a wave motion in electric and magnetic fields.
Sound energy consists of moving waves of pressure in a medium such as air, water, or metal. They consist of vibrations in the molecules of the medium.
Matter that has gained or lost some electric charge has electrical energy. The movement of charges constitutes an electric current, which flows between two objects at different potentials when they are joined by a conductor.
